387 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
387 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
Friendica Storage Backend Addon development
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===========================================
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* [Home](help)
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Storage backends can be added via addons.
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A storage backend is implemented as a class, and the plugin register the class to make it available to the system.
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## The Storage Backend Class
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The class must live in `Friendica\Addon\youraddonname` namespace, where `youraddonname` the folder name of your addon.
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There are two different interfaces you need to implement.
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### `ICanWriteToStorage`
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The class must implement `Friendica\Core\Storage\Capability\ICanWriteToStorage` interface. All method in the interface must be implemented:
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```php
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namespace Friendica\Core\Storage\Capability\ICanWriteToStorage;
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interface ICanWriteToStorage
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{
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public function get(string $reference);
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public function put(string $data, string $reference = '');
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public function delete(string $reference);
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public function __toString();
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public static function getName();
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}
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```
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- `get(string $reference)` returns data pointed by `$reference`
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- `put(string $data, string $reference)` saves data in `$data` to position `$reference`, or a new position if `$reference` is empty.
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- `delete(string $reference)` delete data pointed by `$reference`
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### `ICanConfigureStorage`
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Each storage backend can have options the admin can set in admin page.
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To make the options possible, you need to implement the `Friendica\Core\Storage\Capability\ICanConfigureStorage` interface.
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All methods in the interface must be implemented:
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```php
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namespace Friendica\Core\Storage\Capability\ICanConfigureStorage;
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interface ICanConfigureStorage
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{
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public function getOptions();
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public function saveOptions(array $data);
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}
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```
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- `getOptions()` returns an array with details about each option to build the interface.
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- `saveOptions(array $data)` get `$data` from admin page, validate it and save it.
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The array returned by `getOptions()` is defined as:
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[
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'option1name' => [ ..info.. ],
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'option2name' => [ ..info.. ],
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...
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]
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An empty array can be returned if backend doesn't have any options.
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The info array for each option is defined as:
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[
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'type',
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define the field used in form, and the type of data.
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one of 'checkbox', 'combobox', 'custom', 'datetime', 'input', 'intcheckbox', 'password', 'radio', 'richtext', 'select', 'select_raw', 'textarea'
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'label',
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Translatable label of the field. This label will be shown in admin page
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value,
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Current value of the option
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'help text',
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Translatable description for the field. Will be shown in admin page
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extra data
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Optional. Depends on which 'type' this option is:
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- 'select': array `[ value => label ]` of choices
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- 'intcheckbox': value of input element
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- 'select_raw': prebuild html string of `<option >` tags
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Each label should be translatable
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];
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See doxygen documentation of `IWritableStorage` interface for details about each method.
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## Register a storage backend class
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Each backend must be registered in the system when the plugin is installed, to be available.
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`DI::facStorage()->register(string $class)` is used to register the backend class.
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When the plugin is uninstalled, registered backends must be unregistered using
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`DI::facStorage()->unregister(string $class)`.
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You have to register a new hook in your addon, listening on `storage_instance(App $a, array $data)`.
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In case `$data['name']` is your storage class name, you have to instance a new instance of your `Friendica\Core\Storage\Capability\ICanReadFromStorage` class.
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Set the instance of your class as `$data['storage']` to pass it back to the backend.
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This is necessary because it isn't always clear, if you need further construction arguments.
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## Adding tests
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**Currently testing is limited to core Friendica only, this shows theoretically how tests should work in the future**
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Each new Storage class should be added to the test-environment at [Storage Tests](https://github.com/friendica/friendica/tree/develop/tests/src/Model/Storage/).
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Add a new test class which's naming convention is `StorageClassTest`, which extend the `StorageTest` in the same directory.
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Override the two necessary instances:
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```php
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use Friendica\Core\Storage\Capability\ICanWriteToStorage;
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abstract class StorageTest
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{
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// returns an instance of your newly created storage class
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abstract protected function getInstance();
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// Assertion for the option array you return for your new StorageClass
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abstract protected function assertOption(ICanWriteToStorage $storage);
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}
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```
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## Exception handling
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There are two intended types of exceptions for storages
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### `ReferenceStorageException`
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This storage exception should be used in case the caller tries to use an invalid references.
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This could happen in case the caller tries to delete or update an unknown reference.
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The implementation of the storage backend must not ignore invalid references.
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Avoid throwing the common `StorageException` instead of the `ReferenceStorageException` at this particular situation!
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### `StorageException`
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This is the common exception in case unexpected errors happen using the storage backend.
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If there's a predecessor to this exception (e.g. you caught an exception and are throwing this exception), you should add the predecessor for transparency reasons.
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Example:
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```php
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use Friendica\Core\Storage\Capability\ICanWriteToStorage;
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class ExampleStorage implements ICanWriteToStorage
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{
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public function get(string $reference) : string
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{
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try {
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throw new Exception('a real bad exception');
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} catch (Exception $exception) {
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throw new \Friendica\Core\Storage\Exception\StorageException(sprintf('The Example Storage throws an exception for reference %s', $reference), 500, $exception);
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}
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}
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}
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```
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## Example
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Here is a hypothetical addon which register a useless storage backend.
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Let's call it `samplestorage`.
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This backend will discard all data we try to save and will return always the same image when we ask for some data.
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The image returned can be set by the administrator in admin page.
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First, the backend class.
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The file will be `addon/samplestorage/SampleStorageBackend.php`:
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```php
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<?php
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namespace Friendica\Addon\samplestorage;
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use Friendica\Core\Storage\Capability\ICanWriteToStorage;
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use Friendica\Core\Config\Capability\IManageConfigValues;
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use Friendica\Core\L10n;
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class SampleStorageBackend implements ICanWriteToStorage
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{
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const NAME = 'Sample Storage';
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/** @var string */
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private $filename;
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/**
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* SampleStorageBackend constructor.
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*
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* You can add here every dynamic class as dependency you like and add them to a private field
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* Friendica automatically creates these classes and passes them as argument to the constructor
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*/
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public function __construct(string $filename)
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{
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$this->filename = $filename;
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}
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public function get(string $reference)
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{
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// we return always the same image data. Which file we load is defined by
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// a config key
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return file_get_contents($this->filename);
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}
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public function put(string $data, string $reference = '')
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{
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if ($reference === '') {
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$reference = 'sample';
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}
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// we don't save $data !
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return $reference;
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}
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public function delete(string $reference)
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{
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// we pretend to delete the data
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return true;
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}
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public function __toString()
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{
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return self::NAME;
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}
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public static function getName()
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{
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return self::NAME;
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}
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}
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```
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```php
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<?php
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namespace Friendica\Addon\samplestorage;
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use Friendica\Core\Storage\Capability\ICanConfigureStorage;
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use Friendica\Core\Config\Capability\IManageConfigValues;
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use Friendica\Core\L10n;
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class SampleStorageBackendConfig implements ICanConfigureStorage
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{
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/** @var \Friendica\Core\Config\Capability\IManageConfigValues */
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private $config;
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/** @var L10n */
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private $l10n;
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/**
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* SampleStorageBackendConfig constructor.
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*
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* You can add here every dynamic class as dependency you like and add them to a private field
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* Friendica automatically creates these classes and passes them as argument to the constructor
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*/
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public function __construct(IManageConfigValues $config, L10n $l10n)
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{
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$this->config = $config;
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$this->l10n = $l10n;
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}
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public function getFileName(): string
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{
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return $this->config->get('storage', 'samplestorage', 'sample.jpg');
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}
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public function getOptions()
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{
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$filename = $this->config->get('storage', 'samplestorage', 'sample.jpg');
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return [
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'filename' => [
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'input', // will use a simple text input
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$this->l10n->t('The file to return'), // the label
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$filename, // the current value
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$this->l10n->t('Enter the path to a file'), // the help text
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// no extra data for 'input' type..
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],
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];
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}
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public function saveOptions(array $data)
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{
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// the keys in $data are the same keys we defined in getOptions()
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$newfilename = trim($data['filename']);
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// this function should always validate the data.
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// in this example we check if file exists
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if (!file_exists($newfilename)) {
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// in case of error we return an array with
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// ['optionname' => 'error message']
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return ['filename' => 'The file doesn\'t exists'];
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}
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$this->config->set('storage', 'samplestorage', $newfilename);
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// no errors, return empty array
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return [];
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}
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}
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```
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Now the plugin main file. Here we register and unregister the backend class.
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The file is `addon/samplestorage/samplestorage.php`
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```php
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<?php
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/**
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* Name: Sample Storage Addon
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* Description: A sample addon which implements an unuseful storage backend
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* Version: 1.0.0
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* Author: Alice <https://alice.social/~alice>
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*/
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use Friendica\Addon\samplestorage\SampleStorageBackend;
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use Friendica\Addon\samplestorage\SampleStorageBackendConfig;
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use Friendica\DI;
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function samplestorage_install()
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{
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Hook::register('storage_instance' , __FILE__, 'samplestorage_storage_instance');
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Hook::register('storage_config' , __FILE__, 'samplestorage_storage_config');
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DI::storageManager()->register(SampleStorageBackend::class);
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}
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function samplestorage_storage_uninstall()
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{
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DI::storageManager()->unregister(SampleStorageBackend::class);
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}
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function samplestorage_storage_instance(App $a, array &$data)
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{
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$config = new SampleStorageBackendConfig(DI::l10n(), DI::config());
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$data['storage'] = new SampleStorageBackendConfig($config->getFileName());
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}
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function samplestorage_storage_config(App $a, array &$data)
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{
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$data['storage_config'] = new SampleStorageBackendConfig(DI::l10n(), DI::config());
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}
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```
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**Theoretically - until tests for Addons are enabled too - create a test class with the name `addon/tests/SampleStorageTest.php`:
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```php
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use Friendica\Core\Storage\Capability\ICanWriteToStorage;
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use Friendica\Test\src\Core\Storage\StorageTest;
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class SampleStorageTest extends StorageTest
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{
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// returns an instance of your newly created storage class
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protected function getInstance()
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{
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// create a new SampleStorageBackend instance with all it's dependencies
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// Have a look at DatabaseStorageTest or FilesystemStorageTest for further insights
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return new SampleStorageBackend();
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}
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// Assertion for the option array you return for your new StorageClass
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protected function assertOption(ICanWriteToStorage $storage)
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{
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$this->assertEquals([
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'filename' => [
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'input',
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'The file to return',
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'sample.jpg',
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'Enter the path to a file'
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],
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], $storage->getOptions());
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}
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}
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```
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