120 lines
5.8 KiB
Markdown
120 lines
5.8 KiB
Markdown
Using Composer
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==============
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* [Home](help)
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* [Developer Intro](help/Developers-Intro)
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Friendica uses [Composer](https://getcomposer.org) to manage dependencies libraries and the class autoloader both for libraries and namespaced Friendica classes.
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It's a command-line tool that downloads required libraries into the `vendor` folder and makes any namespaced class in `src` available through the whole application through `boot.php`.
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* [Class autoloading](help/autoloader)
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## How to use Composer
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If you don't have Composer installed on your system, Friendica ships with a copy of it at `bin/composer.phar`.
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For the purpose of this help, all examples will use this path to run Composer commands, however feel free to replace them with your own way of calling Composer.
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Composer requires PHP CLI and the following examples assume it's available system-wide.
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### Installing/Updating Friendica
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#### From Archive
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If you just unpacked a Friendica release archive, you don't have to use Commposer at all, all the required libraries are already bundled in the archive.
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#### Installing with Git
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If you prefer to use `git`, you will have to run Composer to fetch the required libraries and build the autoloader before you can run Friendica.
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Here are the typical commands you will have to run to do so:
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````
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~> git clone https://github.com/friendica/friendica.git friendica
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~/friendica> cd friendica
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~/friendica> bin/composer.phar install
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````
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That's it! Composer will take care of fetching all the required libraries in the `vendor` folder and build the autoloader to make those libraries available to Friendica.
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#### Updating with Git
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Updating Friendica to the current stable or the latest develop version is easy with Git, just remember to run Composer after every branch pull.
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````
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~> cd friendica
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~/friendica> git pull
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~/friendica> bin/composer.phar install
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````
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And that's it. If any library used by Friendica has been upgraded, Composer will fetch the version currently used by Friendica and refresh the autoloader to ensure the best performances.
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### Developing Friendica
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First of all, thanks for contributing to Friendica!
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Composer is meant to be used by developers to maintain third-party libraries required by Friendica.
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If you don't need to use any third-party library, then you don't need to use Composer beyond what is above to install/update Friendica.
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#### Adding a third-party library to Friendica
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Does your shiny new [Addon](help/Addons) need to rely on a third-party library not required by Friendica yet?
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First of all, this library should be available on [Packagist](https://packagist.org) so that Composer knows how to fetch it directly just by mentioning its name in `composer.json`.
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This file is the configuration of Friendica for Composer. It lists details about the Friendica project, but also a list of required dependencies and their target version.
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Here's a simplified version of the one we currently use on Friendica:
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````json
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{
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"name": "friendica/friendica",
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"description": "A decentralized social network part of The Federation",
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"type": "project",
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...
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"require": {
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"ezyang/htmlpurifier": "~4.7.0",
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"mobiledetect/mobiledetectlib": "2.8.*"
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},
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...
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}
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````
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The important part is under the `require` key, this is a list of all the libraries Friendica may need to run.
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As you can see, at the moment we only require two, HTMLPurifier and MobileDetect.
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Each library has a different target version, and [per Composer documentation about version constraints](https://getcomposer.org/doc/articles/versions.md#writing-basic-version-constraints), this means that:
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* We will update HTMLPurifier up to version 4.8.0 excluded
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* We will update MobileDetect up to version 2.9.0 excluded
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There are other operators you can use to allow Composer to update the package up to the next major version excluded.
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Or you can specify the exact version of the library if you code requires it, and Composer will never update it although it isn't recommended.
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To add a library, just add its Packagist identifier to the `require` list and set a target version string.
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Then you should run `bin/composer.phar update` to add it to your local `vendor` folder and update the `composer.lock` file that specifies the current versions of the dependencies.
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#### Updating an existing dependency
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If a package needs to be updated, whether to the next minor version or to the next major version provided you changed the adequate code in Friendica, simply edit `composer.json` to update the target version string of the relevant library.
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Then you should run `bin/composer.phar update` to update it in your local `vendor` folder and update the `composer.lock` file that specifies the current versions of the dependencies.
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Please note that you should commit both `composer.json` and `composer.lock` with your work every time you make a change to the former.
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## Composer FAQ
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### I used the `composer` command and got a warning about not to run it as root.
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See [https://getcomposer.org/root]().
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Composer should be run as the web server user, usually `www-data` with Apache or `http` with nginx.
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If you can't switch to the web server user using `su - [web user]`, you can directly run the Composer command with `sudo -u [web user]`.
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### Running Composer with `sudo` complains about not being able to create the composer cache directory in `/root/.composer`
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This is because `sudo` doesn't always change the `HOME` environment variable, which means that the command is run as the web server user but the system still uses `root` home directory.
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However, you can temporarily change environment variable for the execution of a single command.
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For Composer, this would be:
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````
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$> COMPOSER_HOME=/var/tmp/composer sudo -u [web user] bin/composer.phar [mode]
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````
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## Related
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* [Class autoloading](help/autoloader)
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* [How To Move Classes to `src`](help/Developer-How-To-Move-Classes-to-src)
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