get_curl_headers(); logger('scrape_dfrn: headers=' . $headers, LOGGER_DEBUG); $lines = explode("\n",$headers); if(count($lines)) { foreach($lines as $line) { // don't try and run feeds through the html5 parser if(stristr($line,'content-type:') && ((stristr($line,'application/atom+xml')) || (stristr($line,'application/rss+xml')))) return ret; } } try { $dom = HTML5_Parser::parse($s); } catch (DOMException $e) { logger('scrape_dfrn: parse error: ' . $e); } if(! $dom) return $ret; $items = $dom->getElementsByTagName('link'); // get DFRN link elements foreach($items as $item) { $x = $item->getAttribute('rel'); if(($x === 'alternate') && ($item->getAttribute('type') === 'application/atom+xml')) $ret['feed_atom'] = $item->getAttribute('href'); if(substr($x,0,5) == "dfrn-") { $ret[$x] = $item->getAttribute('href'); } if($x === 'lrdd') { $decoded = urldecode($item->getAttribute('href')); if(preg_match('/acct:([^@]*)@/',$decoded,$matches)) $ret['nick'] = $matches[1]; } } // Pull out hCard profile elements $largest_photo = 0; $items = $dom->getElementsByTagName('*'); foreach($items as $item) { if(attribute_contains($item->getAttribute('class'), 'vcard')) { $level2 = $item->getElementsByTagName('*'); foreach($level2 as $x) { if(attribute_contains($x->getAttribute('class'),'fn')) { $ret['fn'] = $x->textContent; } if((attribute_contains($x->getAttribute('class'),'photo')) || (attribute_contains($x->getAttribute('class'),'avatar'))) { $size = intval($x->getAttribute('width')); // dfrn prefers 175, so if we find this, we set largest_size so it can't be topped. if(($size > $largest_photo) || ($size == 175) || (! $largest_photo)) { $ret['photo'] = $x->getAttribute('src'); $largest_photo = (($size == 175) ? 9999 : $size); } } if(attribute_contains($x->getAttribute('class'),'key')) { $ret['key'] = $x->textContent; } } } } return $ret; }} if(! function_exists('validate_dfrn')) { function validate_dfrn($a) { $errors = 0; if(! x($a,'key')) $errors ++; if(! x($a,'dfrn-request')) $errors ++; if(! x($a,'dfrn-confirm')) $errors ++; if(! x($a,'dfrn-notify')) $errors ++; if(! x($a,'dfrn-poll')) $errors ++; return $errors; }} if(! function_exists('scrape_meta')) { function scrape_meta($url) { $a = get_app(); $ret = array(); logger('scrape_meta: url=' . $url); $s = fetch_url($url); if(! $s) return $ret; $headers = $a->get_curl_headers(); logger('scrape_meta: headers=' . $headers, LOGGER_DEBUG); $lines = explode("\n",$headers); if(count($lines)) { foreach($lines as $line) { // don't try and run feeds through the html5 parser if(stristr($line,'content-type:') && ((stristr($line,'application/atom+xml')) || (stristr($line,'application/rss+xml')))) return ret; } } try { $dom = HTML5_Parser::parse($s); } catch (DOMException $e) { logger('scrape_meta: parse error: ' . $e); } if(! $dom) return $ret; $items = $dom->getElementsByTagName('meta'); // get DFRN link elements foreach($items as $item) { $x = $item->getAttribute('name'); if(substr($x,0,5) == "dfrn-") $ret[$x] = $item->getAttribute('content'); } return $ret; }} if(! function_exists('scrape_vcard')) { function scrape_vcard($url) { $a = get_app(); $ret = array(); logger('scrape_vcard: url=' . $url); $s = fetch_url($url); if(! $s) return $ret; $headers = $a->get_curl_headers(); $lines = explode("\n",$headers); if(count($lines)) { foreach($lines as $line) { // don't try and run feeds through the html5 parser if(stristr($line,'content-type:') && ((stristr($line,'application/atom+xml')) || (stristr($line,'application/rss+xml')))) return ret; } } try { $dom = HTML5_Parser::parse($s); } catch (DOMException $e) { logger('scrape_vcard: parse error: ' . $e); } if(! $dom) return $ret; // Pull out hCard profile elements $largest_photo = 0; $items = $dom->getElementsByTagName('*'); foreach($items as $item) { if(attribute_contains($item->getAttribute('class'), 'vcard')) { $level2 = $item->getElementsByTagName('*'); foreach($level2 as $x) { if(attribute_contains($x->getAttribute('class'),'fn')) $ret['fn'] = $x->textContent; if((attribute_contains($x->getAttribute('class'),'photo')) || (attribute_contains($x->getAttribute('class'),'avatar'))) { $size = intval($x->getAttribute('width')); if(($size > $largest_photo) || (! $largest_photo)) { $ret['photo'] = $x->getAttribute('src'); $largest_photo = $size; } } if((attribute_contains($x->getAttribute('class'),'nickname')) || (attribute_contains($x->getAttribute('class'),'uid'))) { $ret['nick'] = $x->textContent; } } } } return $ret; }} if(! function_exists('scrape_feed')) { function scrape_feed($url) { $a = get_app(); $ret = array(); $s = fetch_url($url); $headers = $a->get_curl_headers(); $code = $a->get_curl_code(); logger('scrape_feed: returns: ' . $code . ' headers=' . $headers, LOGGER_DEBUG); if(! $s) { logger('scrape_feed: no data returned for ' . $url); return $ret; } $lines = explode("\n",$headers); if(count($lines)) { foreach($lines as $line) { if(stristr($line,'content-type:')) { if(stristr($line,'application/atom+xml') || stristr($s,'')) { $ret['feed_rss'] = $url; return $ret; } } $basename = implode('/', array_slice(explode('/',$url),0,3)) . '/'; $doc = new DOMDocument(); @$doc->loadHTML($s); $xpath = new DomXPath($doc); $base = $xpath->query("//base"); foreach ($base as $node) { $attr = array(); if ($node->attributes->length) foreach ($node->attributes as $attribute) $attr[$attribute->name] = $attribute->value; if ($attr["href"] != "") $basename = $attr["href"] ; } $list = $xpath->query("//link"); foreach ($list as $node) { $attr = array(); if ($node->attributes->length) foreach ($node->attributes as $attribute) $attr[$attribute->name] = $attribute->value; if (($attr["rel"] == "alternate") AND ($attr["type"] == "application/atom+xml")) $ret["feed_atom"] = $attr["href"]; if (($attr["rel"] == "alternate") AND ($attr["type"] == "application/rss+xml")) $ret["feed_rss"] = $attr["href"]; } // Drupal and perhaps others only provide relative URLs. Turn them into absolute. if(x($ret,'feed_atom') && (! strstr($ret['feed_atom'],'://'))) $ret['feed_atom'] = $basename . $ret['feed_atom']; if(x($ret,'feed_rss') && (! strstr($ret['feed_rss'],'://'))) $ret['feed_rss'] = $basename . $ret['feed_rss']; return $ret; }} /** * * Probe a network address to discover what kind of protocols we need to communicate with it. * * Warning: this function is a bit touchy and there are some subtle dependencies within the logic flow. * Edit with care. * */ /** * * PROBE_DIASPORA has a bias towards returning Diaspora information * while PROBE_NORMAL has a bias towards dfrn/zot - in the case where * an address (such as a Friendica address) supports more than one type * of network. * */ define ( 'PROBE_NORMAL', 0); define ( 'PROBE_DIASPORA', 1); function probe_url($url, $mode = PROBE_NORMAL, $level = 1) { require_once('include/email.php'); $result = array(); if(! $url) return $result; $result = Cache::get("probe_url:".$mode.":".$url); if (!is_null($result)) { $result = unserialize($result); return $result; } $network = null; $diaspora = false; $diaspora_base = ''; $diaspora_guid = ''; $diaspora_key = ''; $has_lrdd = false; $email_conversant = false; $connectornetworks = false; $appnet = false; if (strpos($url,'twitter.com')) { $connectornetworks = true; $network = NETWORK_TWITTER; } // Twitter is deactivated since twitter closed its old API //$twitter = ((strpos($url,'twitter.com') !== false) ? true : false); $lastfm = ((strpos($url,'last.fm/user') !== false) ? true : false); $at_addr = ((strpos($url,'@') !== false) ? true : false); if((!$appnet) && (!$lastfm) && !$connectornetworks) { if(strpos($url,'mailto:') !== false && $at_addr) { $url = str_replace('mailto:','',$url); $links = array(); } else $links = lrdd($url); if(count($links)) { $has_lrdd = true; logger('probe_url: found lrdd links: ' . print_r($links,true), LOGGER_DATA); foreach($links as $link) { if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === NAMESPACE_ZOT) $zot = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === NAMESPACE_DFRN) $dfrn = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === 'salmon') $notify = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === NAMESPACE_FEED) $poll = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === 'http://microformats.org/profile/hcard') $hcard = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === 'http://webfinger.net/rel/profile-page') $profile = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === 'http://portablecontacts.net/spec/1.0') $poco = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === 'http://joindiaspora.com/seed_location') { $diaspora_base = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); $diaspora = true; } if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === 'http://joindiaspora.com/guid') { $diaspora_guid = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); $diaspora = true; } if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === 'diaspora-public-key') { $diaspora_key = base64_decode(unamp($link['@attributes']['href'])); if(strstr($diaspora_key,'RSA ')) $pubkey = rsatopem($diaspora_key); else $pubkey = $diaspora_key; $diaspora = true; } if(($link['@attributes']['rel'] === 'http://ostatus.org/schema/1.0/subscribe') AND ($mode == PROBE_NORMAL)) { $diaspora = false; } } // Status.Net can have more than one profile URL. We need to match the profile URL // to a contact on incoming messages to prevent spam, and we won't know which one // to match. So in case of two, one of them is stored as an alias. Only store URL's // and not webfinger user@host aliases. If they've got more than two non-email style // aliases, let's hope we're lucky and get one that matches the feed author-uri because // otherwise we're screwed. foreach($links as $link) { if($link['@attributes']['rel'] === 'alias') { if(strpos($link['@attributes']['href'],'@') === false) { if(isset($profile)) { if($link['@attributes']['href'] !== $profile) $alias = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); } else $profile = unamp($link['@attributes']['href']); } } } // If the profile is different from the url then the url is abviously an alias if (($alias == "") AND ($profile != "") AND !$at_addr AND (normalise_link($profile) != normalise_link($url))) $alias = $url; } elseif($mode == PROBE_NORMAL) { // Check email $orig_url = $url; if((strpos($orig_url,'@')) && validate_email($orig_url)) { $x = q("SELECT `prvkey` FROM `user` WHERE `uid` = %d LIMIT 1", intval(local_user()) ); $r = q("SELECT * FROM `mailacct` WHERE `uid` = %d AND `server` != '' LIMIT 1", intval(local_user()) ); if(count($x) && count($r)) { $mailbox = construct_mailbox_name($r[0]); $password = ''; openssl_private_decrypt(hex2bin($r[0]['pass']),$password,$x[0]['prvkey']); $mbox = email_connect($mailbox,$r[0]['user'],$password); if(! $mbox) logger('probe_url: email_connect failed.'); unset($password); } if($mbox) { $msgs = email_poll($mbox,$orig_url); logger('probe_url: searching ' . $orig_url . ', ' . count($msgs) . ' messages found.', LOGGER_DEBUG); if(count($msgs)) { $addr = $orig_url; $network = NETWORK_MAIL; $name = substr($url,0,strpos($url,'@')); $phost = substr($url,strpos($url,'@')+1); $profile = 'http://' . $phost; // fix nick character range $vcard = array('fn' => $name, 'nick' => $name, 'photo' => avatar_img($url)); $notify = 'smtp ' . random_string(); $poll = 'email ' . random_string(); $priority = 0; $x = email_msg_meta($mbox,$msgs[0]); if(stristr($x[0]->from,$orig_url)) $adr = imap_rfc822_parse_adrlist($x[0]->from,''); elseif(stristr($x[0]->to,$orig_url)) $adr = imap_rfc822_parse_adrlist($x[0]->to,''); if(isset($adr)) { foreach($adr as $feadr) { if((strcasecmp($feadr->mailbox,$name) == 0) &&(strcasecmp($feadr->host,$phost) == 0) && (strlen($feadr->personal))) { $personal = imap_mime_header_decode($feadr->personal); $vcard['fn'] = ""; foreach($personal as $perspart) if ($perspart->charset != "default") $vcard['fn'] .= iconv($perspart->charset, 'UTF-8//IGNORE', $perspart->text); else $vcard['fn'] .= $perspart->text; $vcard['fn'] = notags($vcard['fn']); } } } } imap_close($mbox); } } } } if($mode == PROBE_NORMAL) { if(strlen($zot)) { $s = fetch_url($zot); if($s) { $j = json_decode($s); if($j) { $network = NETWORK_ZOT; $vcard = array( 'fn' => $j->fullname, 'nick' => $j->nickname, 'photo' => $j->photo ); $profile = $j->url; $notify = $j->post; $pubkey = $j->pubkey; $poll = 'N/A'; } } } if(strlen($dfrn)) { $ret = scrape_dfrn(($hcard) ? $hcard : $dfrn); if(is_array($ret) && x($ret,'dfrn-request')) { $network = NETWORK_DFRN; $request = $ret['dfrn-request']; $confirm = $ret['dfrn-confirm']; $notify = $ret['dfrn-notify']; $poll = $ret['dfrn-poll']; $vcard = array(); $vcard['fn'] = $ret['fn']; $vcard['nick'] = $ret['nick']; $vcard['photo'] = $ret['photo']; } } } if($diaspora && $diaspora_base && $diaspora_guid) { if($mode == PROBE_DIASPORA || ! $notify) { $notify = $diaspora_base . 'receive/users/' . $diaspora_guid; $batch = $diaspora_base . 'receive/public' ; } if(strpos($url,'@')) $addr = str_replace('acct:', '', $url); } if($network !== NETWORK_ZOT && $network !== NETWORK_DFRN && $network !== NETWORK_MAIL) { if($diaspora) $network = NETWORK_DIASPORA; elseif($has_lrdd AND ($notify)) $network = NETWORK_OSTATUS; if(strpos($url,'@')) $addr = str_replace('acct:', '', $url); $priority = 0; if($hcard && ! $vcard) { $vcard = scrape_vcard($hcard); // Google doesn't use absolute url in profile photos if((x($vcard,'photo')) && substr($vcard['photo'],0,1) == '/') { $h = @parse_url($hcard); if($h) $vcard['photo'] = $h['scheme'] . '://' . $h['host'] . $vcard['photo']; } logger('probe_url: scrape_vcard: ' . print_r($vcard,true), LOGGER_DATA); } if($diaspora && $addr) { // Diaspora returns the name as the nick. As the nick will never be updated, // let's use the Diaspora nickname (the first part of the handle) as the nick instead $addr_parts = explode('@', $addr); $vcard['nick'] = $addr_parts[0]; } /* if($twitter) { logger('twitter: setup'); $tid = basename($url); $tapi = 'https://api.twitter.com/1/statuses/user_timeline.rss'; if(intval($tid)) $poll = $tapi . '?user_id=' . $tid; else $poll = $tapi . '?screen_name=' . $tid; $profile = 'http://twitter.com/#!/' . $tid; //$vcard['photo'] = 'https://api.twitter.com/1/users/profile_image/' . $tid; $vcard['photo'] = 'https://api.twitter.com/1/users/profile_image?screen_name=' . $tid . '&size=bigger'; $vcard['nick'] = $tid; $vcard['fn'] = $tid; } */ if($lastfm) { $profile = $url; $poll = str_replace(array('www.','last.fm/'),array('','ws.audioscrobbler.com/1.0/'),$url) . '/recenttracks.rss'; $vcard['nick'] = basename($url); $vcard['fn'] = $vcard['nick'] . t(' on Last.fm'); $network = NETWORK_FEED; } if(! x($vcard,'fn')) if(x($vcard,'nick')) $vcard['fn'] = $vcard['nick']; $check_feed = false; if(stristr($url,'tumblr.com') && (! stristr($url,'/rss'))) { $poll = $url . '/rss'; $check_feed = true; // Will leave it to others to figure out how to grab the avatar, which is on the $url page in the open graph meta links } if($appnet || ! $poll) $check_feed = true; if((! isset($vcard)) || (! x($vcard,'fn')) || (! $profile)) $check_feed = true; if(($at_addr) && (! count($links))) $check_feed = false; if ($connectornetworks) $check_feed = false; if($check_feed) { $feedret = scrape_feed(($poll) ? $poll : $url); logger('probe_url: scrape_feed ' . (($poll)? $poll : $url) . ' returns: ' . print_r($feedret,true), LOGGER_DATA); if(count($feedret) && ($feedret['feed_atom'] || $feedret['feed_rss'])) { $poll = ((x($feedret,'feed_atom')) ? unamp($feedret['feed_atom']) : unamp($feedret['feed_rss'])); if(! x($vcard)) $vcard = array(); } if(x($feedret,'photo') && (! x($vcard,'photo'))) $vcard['photo'] = $feedret['photo']; require_once('library/simplepie/simplepie.inc'); $feed = new SimplePie(); $xml = fetch_url($poll); logger('probe_url: fetch feed: ' . $poll . ' returns: ' . $xml, LOGGER_DATA); $a = get_app(); logger('probe_url: scrape_feed: headers: ' . $a->get_curl_headers(), LOGGER_DATA); // Don't try and parse an empty string $feed->set_raw_data(($xml) ? $xml : ''); $feed->init(); if($feed->error()) { logger('probe_url: scrape_feed: Error parsing XML: ' . $feed->error()); $network = NETWORK_PHANTOM; } if(! x($vcard,'photo')) $vcard['photo'] = $feed->get_image_url(); $author = $feed->get_author(); if($author) { $vcard['fn'] = unxmlify(trim($author->get_name())); if(! $vcard['fn']) $vcard['fn'] = trim(unxmlify($author->get_email())); if(strpos($vcard['fn'],'@') !== false) $vcard['fn'] = substr($vcard['fn'],0,strpos($vcard['fn'],'@')); $email = unxmlify($author->get_email()); if(! $profile && $author->get_link()) $profile = trim(unxmlify($author->get_link())); if(! $vcard['photo']) { $rawtags = $feed->get_feed_tags( SIMPLEPIE_NAMESPACE_ATOM_10, 'author'); if($rawtags) { $elems = $rawtags[0]['child'][SIMPLEPIE_NAMESPACE_ATOM_10]; if((x($elems,'link')) && ($elems['link'][0]['attribs']['']['rel'] === 'photo')) $vcard['photo'] = $elems['link'][0]['attribs']['']['href']; } } // Fetch fullname via poco:displayName $pocotags = $feed->get_feed_tags(SIMPLEPIE_NAMESPACE_ATOM_10, 'author'); if ($pocotags) { $elems = $pocotags[0]['child']['http://portablecontacts.net/spec/1.0']; if (isset($elems["displayName"])) $vcard['fn'] = $elems["displayName"][0]["data"]; if (isset($elems["preferredUsername"])) $vcard['nick'] = $elems["preferredUsername"][0]["data"]; } } else { $item = $feed->get_item(0); if($item) { $author = $item->get_author(); if($author) { $vcard['fn'] = trim(unxmlify($author->get_name())); if(! $vcard['fn']) $vcard['fn'] = trim(unxmlify($author->get_email())); if(strpos($vcard['fn'],'@') !== false) $vcard['fn'] = substr($vcard['fn'],0,strpos($vcard['fn'],'@')); $email = unxmlify($author->get_email()); if(! $profile && $author->get_link()) $profile = trim(unxmlify($author->get_link())); } if(! $vcard['photo']) { $rawmedia = $item->get_item_tags('http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/','thumbnail'); if($rawmedia && $rawmedia[0]['attribs']['']['url']) $vcard['photo'] = unxmlify($rawmedia[0]['attribs']['']['url']); } if(! $vcard['photo']) { $rawtags = $item->get_item_tags( SIMPLEPIE_NAMESPACE_ATOM_10, 'author'); if($rawtags) { $elems = $rawtags[0]['child'][SIMPLEPIE_NAMESPACE_ATOM_10]; if((x($elems,'link')) && ($elems['link'][0]['attribs']['']['rel'] === 'photo')) $vcard['photo'] = $elems['link'][0]['attribs']['']['href']; } } } } if((! $vcard['photo']) && strlen($email)) $vcard['photo'] = avatar_img($email); if($poll === $profile) $lnk = $feed->get_permalink(); if(isset($lnk) && strlen($lnk)) $profile = $lnk; if(! $network) { $network = NETWORK_FEED; // If it is a feed, don't take the author name as feed name unset($vcard['fn']); } if(! (x($vcard,'fn'))) $vcard['fn'] = notags($feed->get_title()); if(! (x($vcard,'fn'))) $vcard['fn'] = notags($feed->get_description()); if(strpos($vcard['fn'],'Twitter / ') !== false) { $vcard['fn'] = substr($vcard['fn'],strpos($vcard['fn'],'/')+1); $vcard['fn'] = trim($vcard['fn']); } if(! x($vcard,'nick')) { $vcard['nick'] = strtolower(notags(unxmlify($vcard['fn']))); if(strpos($vcard['nick'],' ')) $vcard['nick'] = trim(substr($vcard['nick'],0,strpos($vcard['nick'],' '))); } if(! $priority) $priority = 2; } } if(! x($vcard,'photo')) { $a = get_app(); $vcard['photo'] = $a->get_baseurl() . '/images/person-175.jpg' ; } if(! $profile) $profile = $url; // No human could be associated with this link, use the URL as the contact name if(($network === NETWORK_FEED) && ($poll) && (! x($vcard,'fn'))) $vcard['fn'] = $url; if (($notify != "") AND ($poll != "")) { $baseurl = matching(normalise_link($notify), normalise_link($poll)); $baseurl2 = matching($baseurl, normalise_link($profile)); if ($baseurl2 != "") $baseurl = $baseurl2; } if (($baseurl == "") AND ($notify != "")) $baseurl = matching(normalise_link($profile), normalise_link($notify)); if (($baseurl == "") AND ($poll != "")) $baseurl = matching(normalise_link($profile), normalise_link($poll)); $baseurl = rtrim($baseurl, "/"); if(strpos($url,'@') AND ($addr == "") AND ($network == NETWORK_DFRN)) $addr = str_replace('acct:', '', $url); $vcard['fn'] = notags($vcard['fn']); $vcard['nick'] = str_replace(' ','',notags($vcard['nick'])); $result['name'] = $vcard['fn']; $result['nick'] = $vcard['nick']; $result['url'] = $profile; $result['addr'] = $addr; $result['batch'] = $batch; $result['notify'] = $notify; $result['poll'] = $poll; $result['request'] = $request; $result['confirm'] = $confirm; $result['poco'] = $poco; $result['photo'] = $vcard['photo']; $result['priority'] = $priority; $result['network'] = $network; $result['alias'] = $alias; $result['pubkey'] = $pubkey; $result['baseurl'] = $baseurl; logger('probe_url: ' . print_r($result,true), LOGGER_DEBUG); if ($level == 1) { // Trying if it maybe a diaspora account if (($result['network'] == NETWORK_FEED) OR ($result['addr'] == "")) { require_once('include/bbcode.php'); $address = GetProfileUsername($url, "", true); $result2 = probe_url($address, $mode, ++$level); if ($result2['network'] != "") $result = $result2; } // Maybe it's some non standard GNU Social installation (Single user, subfolder or no uri rewrite) if (($result['network'] == NETWORK_FEED) AND ($result['baseurl'] != "") AND ($result['nick'] != "")) { $addr = $result['nick'].'@'.str_replace("http://", "", $result['baseurl']); $result2 = probe_url($addr, $mode, ++$level); if (($result2['network'] != "") AND ($result2['network'] != NETWORK_FEED)) $result = $result2; } } // Only store into the cache if the value seems to be valid if ($result['network'] != NETWORK_FEED) Cache::set("probe_url:".$mode.":".$url,serialize($result), CACHE_DAY); return $result; } function matching($part1, $part2) { $len = min(strlen($part1), strlen($part2)); $match = ""; $matching = true; $i = 0; while (($i <= $len) AND $matching) { if (substr($part1, $i, 1) == substr($part2, $i, 1)) $match .= substr($part1, $i, 1); else $matching = false; $i++; } return($match); }